Brian Jeffrey
Over the years, Vietnam’s foreign policy has been instrumental in propelling the nation to unprecedented heights of influence and international recognition as underlined by the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam.
The 1980s brought about significant geopolitical transformations worldwide, prompting countries like Vietnam to reevaluate their domestic and foreign policies. In response, Vietnam embarked on a journey to tackle economic and social challenges, shun international isolation, and embrace global interactions.
Vietnam’s diplomatic trajectory can be delineated into three distinctive phases:
The initiation of an extensive overhaul, including a pivotal shift in foreign policy, began with the 6th Party Congress in 1986. A key juncture was reached in May 1988 with the 13th Resolution of the Politburo, outlining the transition of Vietnam’s foreign relations from conflict to peaceful coexistence and development.
The 7th Party Congress in June 1991 set forth the principle of desiring friendship with all nations, aiming for peace, independence, and progress. This period witnessed strategic decisions like normalizing ties with China and the United States, accession to ASEAN, and expanding diplomatic engagements globally, establishing Vietnam as a significant regional player.
By the 8th Party Congress in July 1996, the focus shifted towards fostering an open economy and integrating into the global economic landscape, consequently enhancing Vietnam’s trustworthiness and partnership globally.
The 2003 Party Central Committee Resolution stressed the importance of discerning between allies and adversaries while advocating for the expansion of strategic partnerships on a global scale.
In a move towards deeper international integration, the 11th Party Congress in 2011 positioned Vietnam as a trustworthy global player. The 13th Party Congress in 2021 reiterated the commitment to safeguarding national interests through adherence to international laws and mutual cooperation.
Today, Vietnam boasts diplomatic ties with 193 countries and engages in numerous international organizations, fostering special and strategic partnerships with key global players. The country actively contributes to global peace, security, and development through its participation in international forums and hosting of major conferences.
The evolution of Vietnam’s foreign policy has not only elevated its global stature but also paved the way for a more significant role on the world stage as a key player in international affairs.
Dr. Quach Thi Hue
