Brian Jeffrey
The lower back is a hotspot for tightness and pain, but according to physical therapists, your shoulders tend to be even tighter. “Pain between the shoulder blades is by far the most common condition that we treat,” says Eric Owens, a musculoskeletal expert and co-founder of Delos Therapy. According to him, this stiffness is primarily the result of sitting all day long, but there are remedies and shoulder blade stretches you can do for relief.
“We are a society that sits all of the time—on our way to work, all day at work, when we come home, when we go to bed,” says Owens. “Repeatedly being hunched over a phone or a computer… causes your muscle tissues to stiffen over time. So it’s a slow and steady accumulation of tightness inside of the muscle.” With your shoulder blade area specifically, the hunching leads to this tightness, as does working out, running, poor posture, or your sleeping position, he says.
“Pain between the shoulder blades is by far the most common condition that we treat.” —Eric Owens, musculoskeletal expert
Within your shoulder blade area are a number of muscles, all of which need to have proper function and good mobility in order for fluid upper body movement. “That includes your neck and shoulder joint health,” says Corinne Croce, DPT, physical therapist and co-founder of Body Evolved. “The shoulder blades play a critical role in the health of your rotator cuffs, which consist of four muscles that originate on the blade and insert via a common tendon in the glenohumeral joint.” She stresses that your rotator cuff is essentially a second core, because its function is “necessary for adequate stability and upper body movement.”
Aside from supporting your upper body when it moves, your shoulder blade area is a connecting point for many other muscles throughout your body. “This area allows for overhead range of motion, stabilization of the upper back and shoulders, and we’re constantly relying on this area of our body every day to aid in proper movement,” says Kelsey Decker, trainer and education coordinator for StretchLab.
To stretch the shoulder blade muscles out, Owens recommends doing more than foam rolling, static stretching, and booking a massage (because, he explains, these work alongside your muscles, but tightness is typically deeper). But certain stretches combined with targeted pressure can really help—keep scrolling for at-home shoulder blade stretches you can do for tension relief.
6 shoulder blade stretches and techniques
1. Thera Cane pressure: To provide targeted pressure that can help break up tightness within the shoulder blade area, Owens recommends using a self-massage tool like the Thera Cane ($30), which you can get on Amazon. “Any area that you’re noticing a dull ache when hunched over, hit it and apply direct pressure into it with something like a Thera Cane,” he says. Hook the shorter arch on your back in the shoulder blade area, and find the spots that are really tight.
“Get right next to the vertebrae and down the center, but never touch the vertebrae itself or the spine,” he says, noting to work your way out laterally towards the scapula. Try to draw a box at the top of the scapula and zigzag back and forth, giving two to three seconds of pressure in each spot before moving to the next. Avoid dynamic pressure, since this “can damage the tissue and make you feel worse,” says Owens. Repeat the same technique on your trapezius muscles too. With each area, work both sides so that you have balance within your body.
2. Lacrosse ball as a wall massage: Another easy at-home stretch involves a small ball (Owens recommends a lacrosse ball). Stand with your back against the wall with the ball on the spot that’s tight, then hold the corresponding arm across your chest. “Lacrosse balls are wonderful to stretch everything in your scapula area out and really dig in,” he says. Avoid rolling up and down; instead, as with the Thera Cane, hold pressure in one spot for two to three seconds, then move to a different point.
3. Parallel arm shoulder stretch: Decker recommends this stretch, which you begin by standing upright with one arm across your body. Keep your arm parallel to the ground and pull your elbow towards your opposite shoulder.
4. Bent arm shoulder stretch: Stand upright with one arm across your body. Bend your arm at 90 degrees and pull your elbow towards your opposite shoulder.
5. Crossover shoulder stretch: Stand with your knees bent, and cross your arms over and grab the back of your knees. Keep hold of the back of your knees and start to rise upwards until you feel tension in your upper back and shoulders.
6. Reaching up shoulder stretch: Place one hand behind your back, then reach up between your shoulder blades.
How to treat and prevent shoulder blade pain
If your shoulder blade pain is not being relieved from those stretches, Owens says that cold therapy—not heat—can help. “Heat does nothing to loosen up tightness within your muscle tissue,” he says. “If the area becomes inflamed, ice can help with some of the inflammation.” That said, he notes that an ice pack is only going to give you temporary relief.
To make sure you’re not stressing out over shoulder blade pain in the future, the first thing to do is undo the damage. “We have to remove the accumulation of tightness that occurs in your tissue over years,” says Owens. “Once we remove it, periodic pressure into the tissue will help to keep it pliable.” That means making sure to hit up your Thera Cane or lacrosse ball regularly to undo knots and tension that build up over the course of a week of sitting at a desk.
Much like you treat your dental health, Owens says that your muscles should be addressed with a regular regimen. “The model that we use to prevent stiffness is nonexistent. Then, when people hit, say, 40-years-old, they get stiff,” he says. “Before that accumulation of tightness really sets in, we should be applying pressure periodically into the tissue to keep it loose and healthy.” He says that this can be done through a once-a-year appointment with a massage therapist or physical therapist (kind of like a teeth cleaning). “What we’re hoping is that it will become common knowledge that we need to be doing something regularly to have healthy muscle tissues.”
Then, commit to a daily or weekly (depending on your level of muscle tightness) stretching routine. “You can do the proper shoulder blade stretches for five to 10 minutes daily, or weekly, once you feel better,” says Owens. When you’re at work, he says that moving around during the day can help, too. “Change positions when you’re at work. If you’re working for eight hours, try a standing desk and walking around,” he says. “It’s important to not stay in one position for too long.”
According to Croce, stretching and massage therapy isn’t all you should be doing for your shoulder blade health—you should prioritize mobility work, too. “You want to keep these muscles mobile by keeping the tissues surrounding the shoulder blade moving, maintaining proper shoulder joint range of motion, and working on appropriate rhythmic control through the full range of shoulder blade motion,” she says. A great tool for this is a resistance band, which you can use for various exercises that open up the shoulder area and all of the muscles surrounding it (plus, it’s low impact).
Try the at-home resistance band back workout below, courtesy of trainer Bec Donlan, to work all of your shoulder blade and postural muscles:
[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqDl4nRHL0c]
Even with a diligent stretching routine, there is a difference between discomfort—that the above techniques can help alleviate—and real pain. “Usually when there is pain, such as a sharp pinch, in the shoulder blade during movement and it is restricting one’s mobility or range of motion, this would be an optimal time to seek professional help such as a doctor or physical therapist,” says Decker. “When there is discomfort with movement and limited range of motion, seeking relief from a stretching professional would be a good route of treatment.”
Learn about the expert-beloved IYT stretches, which work to strengthen, stretch, and stabilize tight shoulders. Plus, combat rounded shoulders with these strength training moves, courtesy of a fitness trainer.
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Written by: WellGood
