Einstein’s biggest “mistake” came back — and changed cosmology forever

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A little more than a century ago, Albert Einstein turned his attention from gravity itself to the fate of the entire universe. In 1917, shortly after developing his general theory of relativity, he began applying his new equations to cosmology. General relativity had transformed our understanding of gravity, so it made sense to ask what those same equations said about the universe on the largest possible scales.

Gravity was the natural place to start. On avera...

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